The+Incas

 = **THE INCAS ** = 1438-1532 AD The Incas (peoples of the sun) where an ancient people and they lived in a highland center called Cuzco. Cusco, as it is spelled now days, is a city in southern east Peru. Aymara and Yuncas was the name of two other important kinds of people who lived in the highland country in South America. //A thypical Inca women to the left playing music on her Quechua flute. The Inca man to the right is wearing some sort of helmet that show his higher status.//

The Incas used a language called Quechua and instead of making a literary language they invented a kind of counting tool called quipun. It was used a lot and it helped them to remember their resources and trading business. Different colors, bows and the location of the bows made a system of information. These bows and laces described many experiences and stories made by the Inca people.

Incas were warriors and they had a very strong and powerful army. Their access to a big army made it easier for them to build up the biggest Indian society in history. The Inca Empire had up to 9 million habitants. They built fortresses for protection when the population increased and the Inca organizations became stronger. Sacasahuman is the most famous fortress made by the Incas.

Archeologist is still fascinated by the cities architecture. The Incas made buildings at the highest tops and they where often made by huge stone blocks that could weigh tons. The stone blocks are also placed so close to each other that not even a racer blade could fit in between them. Except for the amazing temples and buildings that gave the people protection they come up with a good idea to deliver messages and knowledge faster from state to state along the huge Inca Empire. Road systems from Ecuador to Southern Chile made it easier to move from place to place and to spread information and knowledge between each state. Bridges and embattlements worked as a part in this road system to.

In the early 15th century the Incas began to influence other. Century’s later they hade taken control over more territory than any other people had done in South American history. In the early 16th century they had build a territory that stretched from Ecuador to northern Chile. The Inca Empire existed from 1438 to 1532.

At 1532 Francisco Pizarro marked a new time of Spanish rules. He captured the last Inca emperor and forced the people to help him get silver and gold from the mines. That’s when the Inca Empire died.

Conclusion A little Inca society grew many century’s ago in the Cuzco valley in the highland of the Andes. The land maintained by Quechua speaking people also called the Incas. They had a big social and military organization talent. During the 1400 AD they developed a high culture in their society.

Their architecture remained well and there are some buildings left today. Many Archeologists are thrilled about the Incas amazing work with such big stone blocks as they used. By looking at the buildings and sculptures you could imagine how they lived. Their life vision had a lot to do with gods and religious theories. They held many ceremonies and rituals for the gods.

The religious and political leader, Zapa Inca, was the person on the top of the social pyramid they had. Underneath Zapa Inca you had the rulers of the four “states”. Then you got the rulers men underneath and last you had the taxpaying people in the villages. They were called the Ayllus. Farming was really important for them to feed the growing population. Everything they got from the farming they shared in three different parts, one went to the Inca leader, another one to the priests and the last one to the Ayllus.

Since the people grew a lot they could create even bigger armies and conquer more land. They acted like warriors, built fortresses high up on the mountains for protection and made the biggest Empire ever in South America. Later their success failed when the Spaniard Francisco Pizarro and his access to fire guns took control over the Inca Empire. I think Jared Diamond’s theory of “guns, germs and steel” is a perfect answer of how that was possible. The Incas weren’t prepared for guns like the Spaniards had and maybe that is why Pizarro and his much smaller army could over win a whole Empire of many millions of people.

I have searched a lot at the web and found some sites with information about the Incas. Years and other numbers were different between them. The book I also used called “bra böckers lexikon” had an exactly number of time and population. So I trusted to that one because it gave me the correct answer since it is a Swedish book of facts from true studies and information.
 * Sources **

[] [|http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/CIVAMRCA/INCAS.HTM] [] Bra böckers lexikon (from the bookcompany: Bra böcker AB, released in 1970)

This is a very good site with a lot of more information about The Incas: []